Introduction to ciphers and substitution. Alice and Bob and Carl and Julius: terminology and Caesar Cipher ; The key to the matter: generalizing the Caesar Cipher ; Multiplicative ciphers ; Affine ...

The original version of this story appeared in Quanta Magazine. Hard problems are usually not a welcome sight. But cryptographers love them. That’s because certain hard math problems underpin the ...

Hard problems are usually not a welcome sight. But cryptographers love them. That’s because certain hard math problems underpin the security of modern encryption. Any clever trick for solving them ...

Encryption is one of several cornerstones of a robust information security program. Articles on quantum computing often include the compelling narrative that encryption is at risk, but as with any ...

This article seeks to provide a practical understanding of the risks posed by quantum computing on modern day encryption standards. In assessing those risks, companies and individuals should consider ...