A technical paper titled “Freeform direct-write and rewritable photonic integrated circuits in phase-change thin films” was published by researchers at University of Washington, University of Maryland ...

Semiconductor devices are becoming thinner and more complex, making thin deposited films even harder to measure and control. With 3nm node devices in production and 2nm nodes ramping toward ...

Thin films can be made from a variety of materials, including metals (e.g., gold, silver), oxides (e.g., silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide), and semiconductors (e.g ...